Drug induced hemorrhagic colitis is acute colitis, which is induced by antibiotics or anticancer agents, or nonsteroidal antiphlogistics and others. It is classified broadly into pseudomembranous colitis and acute hemorrhagic colitis. The latter is acute hemorrhagic colitis which develop suddenly 3-4 days after oral administration of drugs mainly for the juveniles. Its pathophysiology is unknown, and offending bacteria is also unknown. Main characteristics of the symptoms are spontaneous stomachache, high fever and watery and bloody diarrhea. The lesions are usually, seen in deeper parts of the colon than the sigmoid colon, often commonly locate in the transverse colon. Narrowing of the intestinal tract, many different sizes of multiple ulcers, mixed images of mucus and Barium, bad adhesion of Barium, and facilitation of spasms are seen as enema findings.
Endoscopically, they develop commonly in the transverse colon -right-sided colon, diffuse erosion, edematous changes, spasms, and bleeding are recognized. Different degrees of inflammation are seen, from the cases of just mild erythemas, erosions, and edematous mucosa, and the cases in which few mm-sized small erosions with red halo around them are scattered, to the cases in which vertically long erosions or shallow ulcers and vertically long erythrogenic zones are shown.
It is helpful to make the diagnosis that symptoms improve if the drug or
injection causing it is stopped.